28th February 1957: Project leader on Electronic Reading Automaton George Norrie in front of the scanner of the Solartron Reading Machine. (Photo by Ron Burton/Keystone/Getty Images) It’s axiomic ...

One of Audrey Watters’s observations in her deeply researched Teaching Machines is that ed-tech evangelists seldom make an effort to learn the history of educational technologies. For those ...

As I was reading Audrey Watters’s Teaching Machines: The History of Personalized Learning, recently published by MIT Press, the word “landmark” kept occurring to me.[1] This is a landmark book. It is ...

To its 5,000 salesmen across the U.S., Grolier Inc., publisher of America’s oldest encyclopedia, last week handed out an odd-looking new product to sell door to door. A green, windowed, sheet-metal ...

Individuals and societies face motivating, inspiring and potentially broad difficulties as a result of digitization and virtualization in education. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in ...

Teaching methods are the broader techniques used to help students achieve learning outcomes, while activities are the different ways of implementing these methods. Teaching methods help students: ...